The scmaglev superconducting maglev, formerly called the mlu is a magnetic levitation railway system developed by central japan railway company jr central and the railway technical research institute on 21 april 2015, a manned sevencar l0 series scmaglev train reached a speed of 603 kmh 375 mph, less than a week after the same train clocked 590 kmh 370. While the amazing speed that maglev trains boast of make them seem an apt solution for our transport woes, only a proper evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages can help us get a clear picture about the feasibility of putting them to use. Government research on urban maglev using electromagnetic suspension began in 1994. Cross section of mbahn attractiveforce suspension system.
The main problem is making the magnets strong enough when running off a cars electrical system. Types of maglev there are two types of maglev trains, electrodynamics suspension trains eds and electromagnetic suspension trains. Dec 26, 2012 basic principle of maglev trainsmaglev trains have to perform the following functions to operate in high speeds1. Electromagnetic suspension is considered as a widelyused type of maglev train systems. A magnetic field is generated as shown in the picture on top of figure 4. The maglev project consists of two construction phases. There are three model electrodynamics suspension eds, electromagnetic suspension ems and. On the research of contrastive analysis, this paper discusses the environmental impact of highspeed maglev and highspeed wheelrail in land use, noise pollution, energy consumption, ecological effect, electromagnetic radiation and other aspects. Electromagnetic suspension ems the first type of maglev levitation, ems, requires two things.
Electromagnetic suspension ems uses the attractive magnetic force of a magnet beneath a rail to lift the train up. Magnetic levitating trains electrical and computer. Maglev systems make use of magnetic levitation either through electromagnetic or electrodynamic suspension while propulsion of the trains is realized by means of a linear induction motor. The basis of maglev trains mechanisms are magnetic levitation. By vishal dubey agenda introduction fast facts how it works maglev technology electromagnetic suspension electrodynamic suspension stability power and energy usage advantages and disadvantages of maglev train introduction magnetic levitation transport is a form of transportation that suspends guides and propels vehicles through the harnessing of electromagnetic force. Magnetic levitation principles introduction magnetic fields are used to describe forces at a distance from electric currents.
Maglev train, a floating vehicle for land transportation that is supported by either electromagnetic attraction or repulsion. When two magnets have the same poles, it will repel with each other and when it has different poles, the result would be otherwise. These two countries are very active in maglev research. In the electromagnetic suspension ems system the train is wrapped around the track and.
In future these highspeed maglev trains would give a huge competition to the. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako. Some introduction of maglev train magnets sdm magnetics co. German scientists have designed a system called transrapid which uses the technology of electromagnetic suspension ems to levitate a train fig. As the maglev train travels at high speeds through the coils, superconducting magnets on the side of the train induce the current from the coils.
Japanese engineers have developed a competing version of maglev trains that use an electrodynamic suspension eds system, which is based on the repelling force of magnets. May 29, 2019 hybrid electromagnetic suspension system hems this is a modified form of the conventional ems system, as shown in fig. These fields lift the train a small distance above the tracks and moves the train. Analysis of magnetic levitation and maglev trains ijiset. While the amazing speed that maglev trains boast of make them seem an apt solution for our transport woes, only a proper evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages can help us get a clear picture about the feasibility of.
Since then, japans shinkansen network has expanded considerably, and its success has prompted rapid development of highspeed railways in other countries. A car suspension requires significant vertical travel that known maglev technology does not accommodate. Maglev train magnets are an integral part of the hybrid suspension system of medium and low speed maglev train. Rating is available when the video has been rented. They are faster, more efficient, and more environmentally friendly than modern wheeled trains. Maglev systems represent a promising evolution in the highspeed ground transportation, offering speeds in excess of 500 mph along with the potential for low operating costs and minimal environmental impact.
There are currently three known maglev suspension systems. How maglev trains operate introduction magnetic levitation, or maglev, is a transport method that uses magnetic levitation to move vehicles without touching the ground. Maglev train release noncontact levitation and guidance between train body and guide rail through electromagnetic force, then drive the train via electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor. Levitation control of permanent magnet electromagnetic hybrid. Structure and control design of levitation electromagnet. This superconducting electromagnet can conduct electricity even after the power. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Structure and control design of levitation electromagnet for. Cost reduction by eliminating friction, maglev trains use less energy and can significantly reduce costs.
The application of magnetic levitation is most commonly known for its role in maglev trains. A new way to travel 4 maglev vehicle traveling at 300 mph only consumes 0. There are two main types of maglev train that use magnetism in different ways. The big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine. Abstracta middlelowspeed maglev train is supported by an electromagnetic force between the suspension electromagnet em and the steel rail and is. Basic principle of maglev trains maglev trains have to perform the following functions to operate in high speeds 1. The goal of this effort is to investigate the feasibility and. With maglev, a vehicle is levitated a short distance away from a guide way using magnets to create both lift and thrust. To improve the riding performance and levitation stability of a highspeed permanent magnet electromagnetic suspension system maglev train, a control strategy based on an integral joint structure. Types of maglev there are two types of maglev trains, electrodynamics suspension trains eds and electromagnetic suspension trains ems. Electrodynamic suspension, electromagnetic suspension. It may be that one day soon, maglev technology will be commonplace throughout the world.
Modeling and simulation of maglev train guidewaytunnelsoil system for vibration free. For example, while every highspeed rail passenger pays one dollar for each mile traveled, maglev passengers could pay as little as 5 cents per mile, says james powell, director of the company maglev 2000 and a coinventor of superconducting maglev trains. A study on environmental impact of high speed maglev. Magnetic levitation or maglev propulsion foundation. By the 1930s, hermann kemper was able to successfully develop a concept for the magnetic levitation using the principle of electromagnetic attraction. It uses permanent magnets along with electromagnets to reduce the electric power consumption of the conventional system and to achieve larger air gaps 20, 21. It is able to levitate a small rod magnet for a few seconds at a time.
The maglev cradle is a system designed by bill beaty. This is achieved with the principal of repulsion and attraction between two magnetic poles. Maglev has the advantages of being quieter and smoother than wheeled transportations due to the elimination of much of the physical contact between wheels and track. The video includes the physical principles involved in each maglev system, as well as their. By 2035, a trip from toronto to vancouver will take 3 hours. Types of maglev trainsbased on the techniques used for levitation there are two types of maglev trains1.
Maglev derived from magnetic levitation, is a system of transportation that suspends, guides and propels vehicles, predominantly trains, using magnetic levitation from a very large number of magnets for lift and propulsion. The electromagnetic drag force generated by the magnets and guideway. The big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks. It needs to detect the specific features, inducing by the permanent magnet, for. Electrodynamics magnetic suspension called eds maglev and referred to as repulsive maglev because it relies on repulsive magnetic. Design and control of levitation and guidance systems for. Maglev train capable of 3,500 kmh theoretically if inside a vacuum tunnel high speed magnetic levitation train. Feb 10, 2008 watch the entire video before commenting. Trains based on the technique used for leviation the are two types of maglev trains 1. Maglev magnetic levitation is a transportation system in which a vehicle is suspended on a guiding rail by the principle of electromagnetic suspension. As mentioned before the two main methods currently used for maglev levitation are electromagnetic suspension ems and electrodynamic suspension eds. The key difference between japanese and german maglev train technology is that the japanese trains use supercooled, superconducting electromagnets. Hence levitating a train may not be as easy as one might have imagined. The goal of the magnetic levitation train maglev project is to develop a small scale magnetic levitation train based on inductrack technology developed by dr.
Electromagnetic suspension works where two or more electromagnets of the same polarity absorb all the bumps. The electromagnetic suspension ems technology plays a critical role in the development of maglev trains, as they are suspended due to an. Sep 08, 2010 maglev trains eddie lim 20 lim zheng xiang 21 anthony low 24 class. The higher speed the train can travel is nearly 343mph or 552 kmh iv. By vishal dubey agenda introduction fast facts how it works maglev technology electromagnetic suspension electrodynamic suspension stability power and energy usage advantages and disadvantages of maglev train introduction magnetic levitation transport is a form of transportation that suspends guides and propels vehicles through the harnessing of electromagnetic. Instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guide way walls and the track combine to propel the train 3. Could these underground maglev pods transform shipping. Vehicle maglev suspension systems are divided into two groups of electromagnetic suspension ems and electrodynamic suspension eds. The engine for maglev trains is rather inconspicuous. It is specifically developed for train transportation. Comparison between a maglev electromagnetic suspension system. The main difference between eds maglev train and ems maglev train is that eds maglev train use supercooled, superconducting electromagnets.
Keywords electromagnet design, electromagnetic suspension maglev train, eddy current effect, finite element method, structure optimization, levitation control, magnetic saturation references abbott, jj, osting, b 2017 optimization of coreless electromagnets to maximize field generation with application in the design of magnetic manipulation. It has been successfully used recently in changsha maglev express cme, china. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic. Suspension there is 2 forms of suspension technology. Advantages and disadvantages of maglev trains wheelzine. Current details of electromagnetic suspension maglev. Electromagnetic suspension ems uses cshaped arms that wrap underneath the track. Maglev trains were conceptualized during the early 1900s by american professor and inventor robert goddard and frenchborn. This method has the potential to be faster, quieter and smoother than wheeled mass transit systems. Power for the pipelines and pods comes in the form of an electromagnetic. Optimal design of a for middlelowspeed maglev trains in.
This project is a continuation of work done by paul friend in 2004. A nonlinear control method for the electromagnetic. There are varieties of vehicles that are manufactured based on these two types of sy stems. We feel pleased to present our formal report on maglev trains. Maglev trains use magnetism to levitate above the tracks on which they travel. Electrodynamics suspension fig 3 eds maglev propulsion via propulsion coils in electrodynamics suspension eds, both the rail and the train exert a magnetic field, and the train is. Richard post from lawrence livermore national labs llnl. Electromagnets on the underside pull the train up by attracting the arms to the bottom of the track. The idea of magnetic levitation transportation was first introduced in the 1900s by robert goddard and emile bachelet. Electromagnetic and magnetic suspension joy gohil, karan jani department of mechanical engineering b. Maglev trains were conceptualized during the early 1900s by american professor and inventor robert goddard and frenchborn american engineer emile bachelet and have been in.
Maglev trains rest at a moreless fixed distance from their roadbed. Electrodynamic suspension the electrodynamic suspension eds train has been developed by japanese engineers. At present, maglev is still at an experimental stage. On this basis, this paper describes the influences on environment of highspeed maglev in transit. Some introduction of maglev train magnets sdm magnetics. Vehicle path in ems and eds systems are called guideway and track, respectively.
Worlds fastest trains maglev capable of 3,500 kmh youtube. Principle of lateral guidance principle of maglev trains electromagnetic suspension developed by germans, works on attraction. Regardless of the fact that there is, in effect, a separate technology involved for each electromagnetic method, the whole subject is given a blanket title of maglev. Article information, pdf download for levitation control of permanent. Ems maglev train has the relatively simple structure and low electromagnetic pollution, and medium and low speed maglev train projects in china have adopted this technology. The most successful ems maglev train so far is called the transrapid system and it is currently being used by the maglev in shanghai, china. The first maglev test trials using electromagnetic suspension opened to public was hml03, made by hyundai heavy industries for the daejeon expo in 1993, after five years of research and manufacturing two prototypes, hml01 and hml02.
Highspeed maglev trains promise dramatic improvements for human travel widespread adoption occurs. A system which more closely resembles the work done in this thesis project is the maglev cradle. Railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic levitation maglev technologies the tokaido shinkansen began operations in 1964 and was an immediate success. Instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the. Levitation control of permanent magnet electromagnetic. To deal with the inherent nonlinearity and openloop instability of the electromagnetic suspension ems. The maglev trains are proved very much useful by the environmental consideration.
Maglev trains avoid these disadvantages and prove highly beneficial. Optimal design of a hybrid suspension magnet for middlelowspeed. The suspension system of ems maglev train is known for huge suspension energy consumption. Magnetic levitation is a technology that uses magnetic fields to make the train move.
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